MySQL
※MySQL-4.xの情報はページが移動しました。 --> MySQL(4.x)
様々なアプリケーションでデータベースサーバが必要になる場面が出てくることがそ予想されるのでMySQLを導入する。
MySQL 5.xに対応するアプリケーションが増えてきたのでMySQL 5.xを導入する。
# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 211 mysqlMySQLの公式サイトよりソースファイルを入手しインストールする。
# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 211 -g 211 -d /usr/local/mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
$ wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.0/mysql-5.0.26.tar.gz/from/http://ftp.iij.ad.jp/pub/db/mysql/権限テーブルを初期化する。
$ tar xvzf mysql-5.0.26.tar.gz
$ cd mysql-5.0.26
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/data/mysql --with-charset=ujis --with-extra-charsets=all --with-mysqld-user=mysql
$ make
# make install
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql作成されたデータベース領域を確認する。
Installing all prepared tables
Fill help tables
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server
to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h boris2 password 'new-password'
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/mysql ; /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with the benchmarks in the 'sql-bench' directory:
cd sql-bench ; perl run-all-tests
Please report any problems with the /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlbug script!
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
# ls -al /data/mysql/ 合計 16 drwx------ 4 mysql root 4096 10月 14 20:15 . drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 10月 14 20:15 .. drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 10月 14 20:15 mysql drwx------ 2 mysql root 4096 10月 14 20:15 testソースの中に設定ファイルのサンプルがあるのでコピーして使用する。 MySQLのログを取得するため一部修正している。
# cp {$SOURCE}/support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf/etc/my.cnf
# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.起動スクリプトを作成する。 ソースの中に起動スクリプトのサンプルがあるのでコピーして使用する。
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# You can copy this file to
# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
# installation this directory is /data/mysql) or
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.
# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
# Here follows entries for some specific programs
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-locking
key_buffer = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking
# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin=/var/log/mysql/mysql-bin
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id = 1
# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
# the syntax is:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=, MASTER_PORT= ,
# MASTER_USER=, MASTER_PASSWORD= ;
#
# where you replace, , by quoted strings and
#by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
# Example:
#
# CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
# MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
# start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
# if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
# connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
# change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
# overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
# the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
# For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
# (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host =
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user =
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port =
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin
# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
#tmpdir = /tmp/
#log-update = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname
# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
#bdb_cache_size = 4M
#bdb_max_lock = 10000
# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = /data/mysql/
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /data/mysql/
#innodb_log_arch_dir = /data/mysql/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50
# Admin Customise
log-error = /var/log/mysql/mysql.err.log
#log = /var/log/mysql/mysql.log
#log-update = /var/log/mysql/update.log
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet = 16M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates
[isamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[myisamchk]
key_buffer = 20M
sort_buffer_size = 20M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeo
# cp {$SOURCE/}support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
# chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
# /sbin/chkconfig --add mysql
# /sbin/chkconfig --list |grep mysql
mysql 0:オフ 1:オフ 2:オン 3:オン 4:オン 5:オン 6:オフ
MySQLを起動する。
# /sbin/service mysql start Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS! # /sbin/service mysql stop Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS! # ps -aux |grep mys root 13773 0.1 0.2 5232 1200 pts/1 S 20:25 0:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/bruna.pid mysql 13800 1.9 2.9 114844 15020 pts/1 S 20:25 0:01 /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --user=mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/bruna.pid --skip-locking --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock # netstat -an |grep 3306 Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN Active UNIX domain sockets (servers and established) Proto RefCnt Flags Type State I-Node Path unix 2 [ ACC ] STREAM LISTENING 387040 /tmp/mysql.sockログを確認する。
# tail /var/log/mysql/mysql.err.logインストールした状態だと誰もがパスワード無しでmysqlに接続できてしまう。 ↓でパスワード欄が空白なことがわかる。
061014 12:06:29 InnoDB: Log file ./ib_logfile1 did not exist: new to be created
InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile1 size to 5 MB
InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...
InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer not found: creating new
InnoDB: Doublewrite buffer created
InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables
InnoDB: Foreign key constraint system tables created
061014 12:06:29 InnoDB: Started; log sequence number 0 0
061014 12:06:29 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.0.26-log' socket: '/tmp/mysql.sock' port: 3306 Source distribution
061014 12:08:25 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Normal shutdown
061014 12:08:25 InnoDB: Starting shutdown...
061014 12:08:27 InnoDB: Shutdown completed; log sequence number 0 43655
061014 12:08:27 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/libexec/mysqld: Shutdown complete
061014 12:08:28 mysqld ended
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 2 to server version: 5.0.26-log Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the buffer. mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user; +-----------+------+----------+ | host | user | password | +-----------+------+----------+ | localhost | root | | | bruna | root | | | bruna | | | | localhost | | | +-----------+------+----------+ 4 rows in set (0.02 sec)rootにはパスワードを設定し匿名ユーザは削除する。
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password '********'
mysql> set password for root@bruna=password('********');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user="";
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.12 sec)
再度確認してみる。
mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user; +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+ | host | user | password | +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+ | localhost | root | *5AAAACCCBBBAAAAABBB222ACACACECCCC5555666 | | bruna | root | *5AAAACCCBBBAAAAABBB222ACACACECCCC5555666 | +-----------+------+-------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)ログのローテート設定をする。
ソースの中にサンプルがあるのでコピーして使用する。
# cp {$SOURCED/}support-files/mysql-log-rotate /etc/logrotate.d/mysql