Yumでパッケージ管理
※CentOS 3の情報はページが移動しました。 --> Yumでパッケージ管理(CentOS 3)
CentOSはRedHatLinux互換OSなのでRPMでパッケージ管理をしている。 アップデート方法はOS標準のup2dateコマンドを使う方法とYumというパッケージ管理ツー ルが提供されている。
ここでは、アップデート時などの依存関係の処理にすぐれているYumを使用する。
# rpm --import http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4
CentOS 4よりyumの設定方法が変更になった。
今までは/etc/yum.confで設定していたがこれに加え/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repoというファイルにてリポジトリの設定を行うようになった。
/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo # # This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS. # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates # unless you are manually picking other mirrors. # # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the # remarked out baseurl= line instead. # # [base] name=CentOS-$releasever - Base mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4 #released updates [update] name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4 #packages used/produced in the build but not released [addons] name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4 #additional packages that may be useful [extras] name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4 #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages [centosplus] name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4 #contrib - packages by Centos Users [contrib] name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/ gpgcheck=1 enabled=0 gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos4アップデート可能なパッケージ一覧を表示する。
# yum check-update Setting up repositories update 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 base 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 addons 100% |=========================| 951 B 00:00 extras 100% |=========================| 1.1 kB 00:00 Reading repository metadata in from local files primary.xml.gz 100% |=========================| 62 kB 00:15 update : ################################################## 154/154 Added 16 new packages, deleted 0 old in 1.78 seconds comps.i386 2:4.3CENTOS-0.20060314 base gtk2.i386 2.4.13-18 base kernel.i686 2.6.9-34.0.2.EL update kernel-devel.i686 2.6.9-34.0.2.EL update libtiff.i386 3.6.1-10 update newt.i386 0.51.6-7.rhel4 base rpmdb-CentOS.i386 2:4.3-0.20060314 base vixie-cron.i386 4:4.1-44.EL4 update xorg-x11-Mesa-libGL.i386 6.8.2-1.EL.13.25.1 update xorg-x11-libs.i386 6.8.2-1.EL.13.25.1 updateアップデートする。 -yオプションを付けると自動的にインストールされるがお勧めしない。
# yum update comps Setting up Update Process Setting up repositories Reading repository metadata in from local files Resolving Dependencies --> Populating transaction set with selected packages. Please wait. ---> Downloading header for comps to pack into transaction set. comps-4.3CENTOS-0.2006031 100% |=========================| 2.3 kB 00:00 ---> Package comps.i386 2:4.3CENTOS-0.20060314 set to be updated --> Running transaction check Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Updating: comps i386 2:4.3CENTOS-0.20060314 base 8.8 M Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 1 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 8.8 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/1): comps-4.3CENTOS-0. 100% |=========================| 8.8 MB 01:12 Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Updating : comps ######################### [1/2] Cleanup : comps ######################### [2/2] Updated: comps.i386 2:4.3CENTOS-0.20060314 Complete!yumでのインストール履歴を確認することが出来る。
/var/log/yum.log
Jul 01 05:57:30 Erased: anacron Jul 01 05:57:44 Erased: apmd Jul 01 05:58:56 Erased: bluez-bluefw Jul 01 06:00:09 Erased: bluez-hcidump Jul 01 06:01:55 Erased: bluez-utils Jul 01 06:01:55 Erased: bluez-libs Jul 01 17:17:56 Installed: glibc-kernheaders.i386 2.4-9.1.98.EL Jul 01 17:17:57 Installed: glibc-headers.i386 2.3.4-2.19 Jul 01 17:17:58 Installed: glibc-devel.i386 2.3.4-2.19 Jul 01 17:17:59 Installed: cpp.i386 3.4.5-2 Jul 01 17:18:02 Installed: gcc.i386 3.4.5-2 Jul 18 17:10:39 Updated: comps.i386 2:4.3CENTOS-0.20060314